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Using a VPN is a great way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Since the moment a back door or comparable hack exists, it will become a target, a decoration for the bad guys. It will leak sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document secret you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. The other creates a virtual disk drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, all of the documents you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Like the digital drive solution, some products save your encrypted data in the cloud. This approach demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted information in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each of those products to have a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a file into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the data still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products prevent this issue by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It's more common, however, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you select a product that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, image, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has settled on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one of the products gathered here support AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, you may want another visit algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, enroll it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is private, and should be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can create an electronic signature which proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all of the evidence you need. PKI service is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.